The displacement of GHG emissions to another location due to actions in one location, thereby counteracting some or all of the desired mitigation effects (IPCC AR6 WGIII). For example, reforesting sheep pasture land in one country may lead to additional land clearing to make room for additional sheep pasture in another country to meet constant demand. Frameworks like the Carbon Opportunity Cost allow for analysis to estimate the magnitude of this displacement, which is a function of the efficiency of production at the location to which the activity is displaced.